San Antonio (Saint Anthony) is the second most populated city in the state of Texas. It was the fastest growing city in the United States from 2000 to 2010, and the second from 1990 to 2000. As of 2014, San Antonio’s population was 1,409,019.
Payaya Indians lived near the San Antonio River Valley in the San Pedro Springs area, calling the vicinity Yanaguana, meaning “refreshing waters”. In 1691, a group of Spanish Catholic explorers and missionaries came upon the river and Payaya settlement on June 13, the feast day of St. Anthony of Padua. They named the place and river “San Antonio” in his honor. It was years before any Spanish settlement took place. Father Antonio de Olivares visited the site in 1709, and he was determined to found a mission and civilian settlement there. The viceroy gave formal approval for a combined mission and presidio in late 1716.
San Antonio grew to become the largest Spanish settlement in Texas; it was designated as the capital of the Spanish, later Mexican, province of Tejas. In a series of battles, the Texian Army succeeded in forcing Mexican soldiers out of the settlement areas east of San Antonio, which were dominated by Americans. Under the leadership of Ben Milam, in the Battle of Bexar, December 1835, Texian forces captured San Antonio from forces commanded by General Martin Perfecto de Cos, Santa Anna’s brother-in-law.
In 1845, the United States finally decided to annex Texas and include it as a state in the Union. This led to the Mexican–American War. Though the US ultimately won, the war was devastating to San Antonio. Bolstered by migrants and immigrants, by 1860 at the start of the Civil War, San Antonio had grown to a city of 15,000 people.
San Antonio’s most followed sports team is the San Antonio Spurs (NBA). Other teams include the San Antonio Rampage (AHL), San Antonio Stars (WNBA), San Antonio Missions (Double A affiliate of the San Diego Padres), Alamo City Rugby Football Club, and San Antonio Rugby Football Club. San Antonio had a the San Antonio Thunder (MLS – now the San Antonio Scorpions).
The San Antonio International Airport (SAT) is the 6th busiest airport based on passenger boardings in Texas. A bus and rubber tired streetcar (bus) system is provided by the city’s metropolitan transit authority, VIA Metropolitan Transit. Amtrak, the national passenger rail service, provides service to San Antonio at San Antonio Amtrak Station, operating the Texas Eagle daily between San Antonio and Chicago’s Union Station. Amtrak also operates the Sunset Limited three times a week in each direction through San Antonio between Los Angeles and Orlando, Florida. San Antonio is served by the following major freeways: Interstate 10; Interstate 35; Interstate 37; Interstate 410; US 90; US 281; and State Highway 151.
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